Clinical and Histomorphometric Evaluation of Fresh Frozen Bone Allograft in Sinus Lift Surgery

Abstract

PurposeThe aim of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate the clinical and histomorphometric data of newly formed bone tissue from fresh frozen human allograft in sinus lift surgery. Patients and MethodsThirty-three sinus lift procedures were performed in 20 patients, divided into two groups. The control group (n=8) received autogenous bone from the mandibular ramus, and the experimental group (n=12) received fresh frozen bone (FFB) allograft in chips. After 6 months, 52 implants were placed and 50 biopsies were collected for histomorphometric analysis. Cone beam computed tomography scans were performed at preoperative, immediate postoperative, and delayed postoperative time intervals to assess the degree of graft volume loss. ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference between groups as regards degree of graft volume loss (p=.983), total bone area (p=.191), remaining particles (p=.348), and proportion of active osteoblasts (p=.867). There was a statistically significant difference in the vitality rate between the groups (p=.043). In both groups, all implants were clinically osseointegrated after 4 months. ConclusionFFB allograft was shown to be a feasible substitute for autogenous bone graft in sinus lift surgery.